Testing Effect
Quizzing yourself strengthens memory more than restudying. The quiz is the study.
The testing effect is the finding that retrieving information, being quizzed, strengthens memory more than spending the same time restudying it. It has been replicated across ages, subjects, and materials for over a century.
The practical consequence flips how most people study: quizzes are not the measurement at the end of learning, they are the most valuable minutes in it. A wrong answer followed by seeing the correct one also sticks better than never being tested, so quizzing early, before you feel ready, is not cheating. It is the method.